STATE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROFILE
Oklahoma
NATIONAL BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT
Despite the demonstrable importance and ubiquity of contraception, the truth is that ensuring that every pregnancy is wanted and planned is difficult, at both the individual and the societal levels. For the typical American woman to have two children, she will spend about five years pregnant, postpartum or attempting to become pregnant, and three decades�more than three-quarters of her reproductive life�trying to avoid pregnancy. Not all women, however, are successful: About half of all pregnancies in the United States each year�more than three million of them�are unintended. By age 45, more than half of all American women will have experienced an unintended pregnancy, and about one-third will have had an abortion. Nonetheless, contraceptive use can and does dramatically reduce women�s odds of having an unintended pregnancy.
DEMOGRAPHICS
- In 2008, there were 768,700 women of reproductive age (aged 13-44) in Oklahoma, 406,300 of whom were in need of contraceptive services and supplies. Of these:
- AGE: 59,300 were under the age of 20 and 347,100 were aged 20-44.
- INCOME: Among women aged 20-44, 55,100 were below 100% of the federal poverty level.
- RACE/ETHNICITY: 278,500 were non-Hispanic white; 36,300 were non-Hispanic black; and 31,200 were Hispanic.
- In 2008, there were 206,600 women in Oklahoma in need of publicly supported contraceptive services and supplies. Of these, 59,300 were in need of publicly supported services because they were sexually active teenagers, and 147,400 because they had incomes below 250% of the federal poverty level.
- In 2010-2011, 24% of women aged 15-44 in Oklahoma were uninsured, while 13% were enrolled in Medicaid.
For more information, see Contraceptive Needs and Services, 2006
PREGNANCIES, BIRTHS AND ABORTIONS
- In 2008, there were 73,600 pregnancies to the 725,097 women of reproductive age (15-44) in Oklahoma; 74% of these pregnancies resulted in live births and 10% in induced abortions.
- In 2006, 53% of pregnancies in Oklahoma were unintended. There were 39,000 unintended pregnancies to women in Oklahoma, producing a rate of 55 per 1,000 women of reproductive age.
- Of all unintended pregnancies in Oklahoma in 2006, 66% resulted in live births and 20% resulted in induced abortions.
- In 2006, 70% of births in Oklahoma resulting from unintended pregnancies were publicly funded, compared with 55% of all births and 41% of births resulting from intended pregnancies.
- Of the 29,900 publicly funded births in Oklahoma in 2006, 18,400 resulted from unintended pregnancies.
- Births resulting from unintended pregnancies in Oklahoma accounted for $173 million in public costs in 2006, including $118 million in federal costs and $56 million in state costs.
- In 2008, 7,160 women obtained abortions in Oklahoma, producing a rate of 9.9 abortions per 1,000 women of reproductive age. Some of these women were from other states, and some Oklahoma residents had abortions in other states, so this rate may not reflect the abortion rate of state residents. The rate increased 4% since 2005, when it was 9.5 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-44. Oklahoma represents 0.6% of all abortions in the United States.
- In 2005, 7,480 Oklahoma residents obtained abortions, producing a rate of 10.3 per 1,000 women of reproductive age.
- In 2008, there were 10,300 pregnancies to Oklahoma teens aged 15-19; 73% of these pregnancies resulted in live births and 12% in induced abortions.
- In 2008, 1,190 teens obtained abortions in Oklahoma, producing a rate of 9 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-19.
- In 2008, there were 6 abortion providers in Oklahoma. This represents a 0% increase from 2005, when there were 6 abortion providers.
- In 2008, 96% of Oklahoma counties had no abortion provider; 56% of Oklahoma women lived in these counties.
For more information, see State Facts About Abortion
PUBLICLY FUNDED CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES
- In 2006 in Oklahoma, 161 publicly funded family planning centers provided contraceptive care to 102,100 women�including 25,300 teenagers.
- Family planning clinics in Oklahoma served 58% of all women in need of publicly supported contraceptive services and supplies in 2008.
- In Oklahoma, $282 in public funds was spent on contraceptive services and supplies per woman in need in 2008.
- In Oklahoma, 103 family planning centers that received some support through the federal Title-X family planning program provided contraceptive care to 69,800 women�including 20,000 teenagers in 2006.
- Title-X-supported centers in Oklahoma served 39% of all women in need of publicly supported contraceptive services and supplies in 2008.
For more information, see Contraceptive Needs and Services, 2006
IMPACT OF PUBLICLY FUNDED CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES
- Publicly funded family planning services help women to avoid pregnancies they do not want and to plan pregnancies they do. In 2008, these services helped women in Oklahoma avoid 24,800 unintended pregnancies, which would likely have resulted in about 11,000 unintended births and 10,400 abortions.
- Contraceptive services provided at Title X-supported centers in Oklahoma helped prevent 16,900 unintended pregnancies, which would likely have resulted in about 7,500 unintended births and 7,100 abortions.
- The services provided at publicly funded family planning centers in Oklahoma saved the federal and state governments $75,781,000 in 2008.
For more information, see Next Steps for America's Family Planning Program
STATE POLICIES
Policy Summary Table, as of April 1st, 2013
| ABORTION | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Abortion Policy in the Absence of Roe v. Wade | |
| Pre-Roe abortion ban still in place |
|
| Abortion Counseling and Waiting Periods | |
| Mandated counseling includes information designed to discourage abortion |
|
| State imposes waiting period between counseling and abortion | 24 hours |
| Parental Involvement in Minors' Abortions | |
| Parent must consent and be notified before an abortion |
|
| Restrictions on Private Insurance Coverage of Abortion | |
| Insurance may only cover in cases of life endangerment |
|
| Insurance for state employees restricted | Coverage in limited circumstances |
| Public Funding of Abortion for Poor Women | |
| Public funding is available in cases of life endangerment, rape or incest | Only life, rape or incest. |
| Refusal Clauses for Abortion Services | |
| Medical professionals may refuse |
|
| Medical institutions may refuse | All institutions |
| ADOLESCENTS | |
|
|
| Minors' Consent to Contraceptive Services | |
| No policy in effect | |
| Minors' Consent to STI Services | |
| All or some minors explicitly permitted to consent | All minors |
| Parental Involvement in Minors' Abortions | |
| Parent must consent and be notified before an abortion |
|
| Sex Education | |
| Sex education must either stress or cover abstinence | Stress |
| State mandates STI/HIV education |
|
| STI/HIV education must either stress or cover abstinence | Cover |
| STI/HIV education must cover contraception |
|
| CONTRACEPTION SERVICES AND FINANCING | |
|
|
| Emergency Contraception in Emergency Rooms | |
| No policy in effect | |
| Private Insurance Coverage of Contraceptive Services | |
| No policy in effect | |
| Medicaid Family Planning Expansions | |
| Eligibility for Medicaid family planning based on income | 250% Federal Poverty Level |
| Contraceptive Access in Pharmacies | |
| No policy in effect | |
| Refusal Clauses for Contraceptive Services | |
| No policy in effect | |
| Minors' Consent to Contraceptive Services | |
| No policy in effect | |
For more information, see State Policies in Brief