Volume 26, Number 4, December 2000
TABLES
| Table 1. Percentage distribution of all survey respondents and of sexually active survey respondents, by current contraceptive use, according to sex and marital status, Zimbabwe, 1994 | ||||||
| Method | Male | Female | ||||
| All | Sexually active | All | Sexually active | |||
| (N=2,141) | Single | Married | (N=6,128) | Single | Married | |
| (N=212) | (N=851) | (N=284) | (N=2,961) | |||
| None | 58.6 | 42.5 | 36.1 | 64.9 | 43.5 | 46.7 |
| Pill | 21.3 | 6.5 | 46.8 | 23.6 | 32.1 | 37.2 |
| IUD | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.1 |
| Injectable | 1.5 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 4.5 | 3.3 |
| Condom | 14.1 | 49.6 | 5.8 | 2.4 | 13.8 | 2.6 |
| Sterilization | 0.9 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.7 |
| Female | 0.7 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Male | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Rhythm | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 0.1 |
| Withdrawal | 1.6 | 0.9 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 4.4 |
| Other | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.7 |
| Implant | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
| Table 2. Percentage of sexually active men using the condom or with a partner relying on the pill, by marital status, according to current age and educational attainment | ||||||
| Characteristic | Single | Married | ||||
| Condom | Pill | N | Condom | Pill | N | |
| Age | ||||||
| 15-19 | 48.0 | 2.2 | 54 | 12.4 | * | 7 |
| 20-24 | 54.5 | 2.7 | 81 | 7.2 | 45.8 | 83 |
| 25-29 | 53.4 | 10.9 | 43 | 7.0 | 57.3 | 147 |
| 30-34 | 63.3 | * | 19 | 6.1 | 53.8 | 176 |
| >=35 | 21.7 | * | 23 | 5.8 | 40.9 | 443 |
| Education | ||||||
| None | * | * | 4 | 7.2 | 29.4 | 43 |
| Primary | 39.7 | 8.7 | 76 | 6.4 | 36.1 | 379 |
| Secondary/higher | 56.9 | 5.1 | 139 | 5.9 | 58.3 | 416 |
| *Percentage is not shown because it is based on fewer than 25 cases. | ||||||
| Table 3. Multivariate coefficient and odds ratio (and standard error) from three logistic regression models of the effects of selected characteristics on condom use among men in Zimbabwe | ||||||
| Characteristic | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
| Coefficient | Odds ratio | Coefficient | Odds ratio | Coefficient | Odds ratio | |
| Marital status | p<.001 | na | p<.001 | |||
| Single | 2.706 | 14.97 (0.196) | na | na | 2.694 | 14.80 (0.250) |
| Married | 0.000 | 1.00 | na | na | 0.000 | 1.00 |
| Age | p<.001 | ns | ns | |||
| 15-19 | 2.436 | 11.43 (0.321) | 0.407 | 1.50 (0.379) | -0.136 | 0.87 (0.420) |
| 20-24 | 1.851 | 6.37 (0.254) | 0.592 | 1.81 (0.306) | 0.053 | 1.05 (0.348) |
| 25-29 | 1.122 | 3.07 (0.268) | 0.501 | 1.65 (0.301) | 0.044 | 1.04 (0.340) |
| 30-34 | 0.636 | 1.89 (0.293) | 0.467 | 1.59 (0.314) | -0.401 | 0.67 (0.326) |
| 35-54 (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 |
| Years of schooling | p<.05 | ns | ns | |||
| 0-6 (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 |
| 7-10 | 0.557 | 1.75 (0.233) | 0.125 | 1.13 (0.263) | -0.047 | 0.95 (0.285) |
| >=11 | 0.712 | 2.04 (0.239) | 0.344 | 1.41 (0.270) | 0.061 | 1.06 (0.318) |
| Access to media | ns | ns | na | |||
| None (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | na | na |
| TV only | 1.037 | 2.82 (0.444) | 0.834 | 2.30 (0.524) | na | na |
| Newspaper only | 0.343 | 1.41 (0.332) | 0.296 | 1.34 (0.377) | na | na |
| Radio only | -0.192 | 0.83 (0.403) | -0.011 | 0.99 (0.449) | na | na |
| Any two | 0.512 | 1.67 (0.264) | 0.660 | 1.94 (0.301) | na | na |
| All media | 0.373 | 1.45 (0.263) | 0.627 | 1.87 (0.300) | na | na |
| Region | p<.001 | p<.05 | p<.01 | |||
| Manicaland | -0.402 | 0.67 (0.423) | -0.052 | 0.95 (0.484) | -0.095 | 0.90 (0.490) |
| Mashonaland | ||||||
| Central | 0.191 | 1.21 (0.413) | 0.344 | 1.41 (0.483) | 0.347 | 1.42 (0.491) |
| East | -0.550 | 0.58 (0.477) | -0.299 | 0.74 (0.541) | -0.304 | 0.74 (0.545) |
| West | 0.219 | 1.24 (0.375) | 0.160 | 1.17 (0.438) | 0.165 | 1.18 (0.443) |
| Matabeleland | ||||||
| North | -0.604 | 0.55 (0.570) | -1.337 | 0.26 (0.623) | -1.294 | 0.27 (0.628) |
| South | -0.343 | 0.71 (0.592) | -1.127 | 0.32 (0.651) | -1.064 | 0.35 (0.660) |
| Midlands | 0.809 | 2.25 (0.347) | 0.825 | 2.28 (0.409) | 0.823 | 2.28 (0.414) |
| Masvingo | -0.535 | 0.59 (0.507) | -0.519 | 0.59 (0.573) | -0.532 | 0.59 (0.580) |
| Harare/Chitungwiza | -0.086 | 0.92 (0.349) | 0.065 | 1.07 (0.404) | 0.030 | 1.03 (0.411) |
| Bulawayo (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 |
| Residence | ns | ns | na | |||
| Urban | -0.058 | 0.94 (0.173) | 0.169 | 1.18 (0.199) | na | na |
| Rural (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | na | na |
| Religion | ns | ns | na | |||
| Traditional (ref) | 0.000 | 1.00 | 0.000 | 1.00 | na | na |
| Spiritual | -0.239 | 0.79 (0.277) | -0.125 | 0.88 (0.315) | na | na |
| Christian | 0.019 | 1.02 (0.236) | 0.065 | 1.07 (0.270) | na | na |
| Other | 0.500 | 1.65 (0.318) | 0.460 | 1.58 (0.371) | na | na |
| Notes: Model 1 is the main effects model; no controls were added. Model 2 controls for the effects of marital status on each of the variables in Model 1. Model 3 controls for the effects of all variables that were significant in Model 1, to see if they would reduce the gap between married and single men. In all of these models, the level of statistical significance is not shown for variables that were not significant. ref=reference group. na=not applicable. ns=not statistically significant. | ||||||
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