Family Planning Perspectives Volume 33, Number 1, January/February 2001
|
Table 1. Percentage of women experiencing an accidental pregancy during the first 12 months of contraceptive use, by selected characteristics,1988 and 1995 National Surveys of Family Growth | ||
Characteristic | 1988 | 1995 |
Total | 13.1 | 12.5 |
Method used | ||
IUD/injectable/implant | na | 2.9 |
Pill | 7.5 | 8.3 |
Condom | 14.4 | 14.5 |
Other | 23.5 | 22.4 |
Age | ||
<20 | 13.1 | 13.7 |
20-24 | 15.3 | 14.5 |
25-29 | 12.2 | 12.3 |
30-44 | 10.6 | 9.6 |
Union status | ||
Married | 10.6 | 9.3 |
Not in union | 14.0 | 13.8 |
Cohabiting | 24.3 | 22.3 |
Poverty status | ||
<200% | 10.3 | 9.9 |
>=200% | 18.7 | 17.5 |
Race/ethnicity | ||
Black | 17.2 | 19.7* |
Hispanic | 15.6 | 15.4 |
White/other | 12.1 | 10.8 |
*p<=.05. Notes: Rates are adjusted for abortion underreporting. na=not applicable, because rates for the IUD (the only long-acting method available in 1988) are not presented. |
Table 2. Number and percentage distribution of segments of contraceptive use, average length of use segments, and reported and corrected number of pregnancies, by selected characteristics of women, according to period of method use, combined 1988 and 1995 NSFG | ||||||||||
Characteristic | First year | Second year | ||||||||
Use segments | Pregnancies | Use segments | Pregnancies | |||||||
N | % | Avg. length (mos.) | Reported | Corrected | N | % | Avg. length (mos.) | Reported | Corrected | |
Total | 13,032 | 100.0 | 6.7 | 665 | 1,074 | 4,916 | 100.0 | 8.0 | 258 | 335 |
Method used | ||||||||||
IUD/injectable/implant | 623 | 4.8 | 7.4 | 16 | 14 | 269 | 5.5 | 8.8 | 6 | 8 |
Pill | 5,029 | 38.6 | 7.5 | 186 | 283 | 2,408 | 49.0 | 8.1 | 86 | 113 |
Diaphragm | 643 | 4.9 | 6.9 | 40 | 56 | 273 | 5.6 | 8.5 | 22 | 28 |
Condom | 4,721 | 36.2 | 6.0 | 230 | 409 | 1,376 | 28.0 | 7.8 | 87 | 110 |
Periodic abstinence | 537 | 4.1 | 6.9 | 74 | 85 | 201 | 4.1 | 7.8 | 24 | 26 |
Withdrawal | 713 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 64 | 104 | 197 | 4.0 | 8.0 | 18 | 25 |
Spermicide | 766 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 55 | 119 | 192 | 3.9 | 7.7 | 15 | 28 |
Age | ||||||||||
<18 | 1,737 | 13.3 | 5.9 | 91 | 131 | 468 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 26 | 32 |
18-19 | 1,634 | 12.5 | 6.1 | 88 | 143 | 571 | 11.6 | 7.9 | 26 | 35 |
20-24 | 3,644 | 28.0 | 6.6 | 207 | 386 | 1,439 | 29.3 | 8.0 | 82 | 111 |
25-29 | 2,993 | 23.0 | 6.9 | 154 | 251 | 1,203 | 24.5 | 8.0 | 66 | 92 |
30-44 | 3,024 | 23.2 | 7.2 | 125 | 163 | 1,235 | 25.1 | 8.4 | 58 | 65 |
Union status | ||||||||||
Married | 5,270 | 40.4 | 7.2 | 290 | 351 | 2,276 | 46.3 | 8.2 | 136 | 148 |
Not in union | 6,658 | 51.1 | 6.4 | 309 | 581 | 2,198 | 44.7 | 8.1 | 95 | 146 |
Cohabiting | 1,104 | 8.5 | 5.6 | 66 | 142 | 442 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 27 | 41 |
Poverty status | ||||||||||
<100% | 2,309 | 17.7 | 6.6 | 178 | 301 | 825 | 16.8 | 7.9 | 68 | 84 |
100-249% | 3,812 | 29.3 | 6.5 | 216 | 373 | 1,356 | 27.6 | 7.9 | 86 | 118 |
>=250% | 6,911 | 53.0 | 6.8 | 271 | 396 | 2,735 | 55.6 | 8.1 | 104 | 134 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
Black | 3,194 | 24.5 | 6.9 | 172 | 375 | 1,291 | 26.3 | 8.1 | 83 | 120 |
Hispanic | 1,547 | 11.9 | 6.5 | 103 | 147 | 524 | 10.7 | 8.0 | 33 | 35 |
White/other | 8,291 | 63.6 | 6.6 | 390 | 552 | 3,101 | 63.1 | 8.0 | 142 | 180 |
Note: Corrected number of pregnancies reflects adjustment for abortion underreporting. |
Table 3. Percentage of women experiencing an accidental pregnancy, by method, according to period of method use, combined 1988 and 1995 NSFG | |||
Method | First year | Second year | First two years |
Total | 12.5 | 8.0 | 19.4 |
Unstandardized | |||
IUD/injectable/implant | 3.5*** | 3.0*** | 7.5*** |
Pill | 7.5*** | 5.3*** | 12.9*** |
Diaphragm | 13.1 | 12.0 | 22.6 |
Condom (ref) | 13.7 | 9.9 | 22.3 |
Periodic abstinence | 22.9*** | 14.5** | 36.6*** |
Withdrawal | 24.5*** | 14.0*** | 35.2*** |
Spermicide | 27.6*** | 17.0*** | 39.7*** |
Standardized | |||
IUD/injectable/implant | 3.2*** | 2.5*** | 6.6*** |
Pill | 7.0*** | 4.8*** | 11.7*** |
Diaphragm | 13.1 | 11.5 | 23.2 |
Condom (ref) | 14.2 | 10.6 | 23.7 |
Periodic abstinence | 23.5*** | 13.4** | 36.8*** |
Withdrawal | 24.1*** | 12.4* | 36.4*** |
Spermicide | 28.1*** | 14.7*** | 40.6*** |
*Rate is significantly different from rate for the condom at p<=.05. **Rate is significantly different from rate for the condom at p<=.01. ***Rate is significantly different from rate for the condom at p<=.001. Standardized to the socioeconomic distribution of all method users. Notes: ref=reference group. Percentages are corrected for abortion underreporting. Variables included in the model are method, duration of use (except in the model for the second year), age, union status, poverty level, and race or ethnicity. |
Table 4. Percentage of women experiencing an accidental pregnancy, by selected characteristics, according to period of method use, combined 1988 and 1995 NSFG | |||
Characteristic | First year | Second year | First two years |
Total | 12.5 | 8.0 | 19.4 |
Age | |||
<18 | 12.4 | 8.6 | 21.1 |
18-19 (ref) | 14.0 | 7.1 | 20.2 |
20-24 | 15.2 | 8.4 | 22.2 |
25-29 | 11.6* | 9.9** | 19.8 |
30-44 | 9.5*** | 6.1 | 14.2*** |
Union status | |||
Married | 10.0*** | 7.9 | 17.1** |
Not in union (ref) | 13.6 | 7.7 | 20.3 |
Cohabiting | 21.2*** | 10.9*** | 28.4*** |
Poverty status | |||
<100% | 20.5*** | 11.3 | 30.0*** |
100-249% (ref) | 15.5 | 10.8 | 24.6 |
>=250% | 9.1*** | 6.2*** | 14.6*** |
Race/ethnicity | |||
Black | 18.1** | 11.7*** | 27.0*** |
Hispanic (ref) | 15.5 | 8.9 | 22.1 |
White/other | 11.2*** | 7.3** | 17.8*** |
*Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.05. **Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.01. ***Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.001. Notes: ref=reference group. Percentages are corrected for abortion underreporting. Variables included in the model are method, duration of use (except in the model for the second year), age, union status, poverty level, and race or ethnicity. |
Table 5. Percentage of women experiencing an accidental pregnancy, by union status, poverty status and period of use, according to race or ethnicity, combined 1988 and 1995 NSFG | |||
Characteristic and period | Black | Hispanic (ref) | White/other |
UNION STATUS | |||
First year | |||
Married | 13.7* | 12.0 | 9.4** |
Not in union | 18.5 | 17.0 | 12.0*** |
Cohabiting | 25.9 | 25.6 | 19.3*** |
First two years | |||
Married | 23.1* | 20.7 | 15.3*** |
Not in union | 27.5 | 26.6 | 18.7*** |
Cohabiting | 37.6*** | 20.0 | 28.7*** |
POVERTY STATUS | |||
First year | |||
<100% | 18.7*** | 25.6 | 19.6*** |
100-249% | 20.7** | 16.1 | 14.5 |
>=250% | 15.3*** | 8.5 | 8.5 |
First two years | |||
<100% | 29.4* | 33.8 | 29.4** |
100-249% | 29.8** | 25.6 | 23.0* |
>=250% | 23.2*** | 14.1 | 14.0 |
*Rate is significantly different from rate for Hispanic women at p<=.05. **Rate is significantly different from rate for Hispanic women at p<=.01. ***Rate is significantly different from rate for Hispanic women at p<=.001. Notes: ref=reference group. Percentages are corrected for abortion underreporting. Variables included in the model are method, duration of use (except in the model for the second year), age, union status, poverty level, and race or ethnicity. |
Table 6. Percentage of women experiencing an accidental pregnancy, by duration of method use and characteristic, according to method, combined 1988 and 1995 NSFG | |||||||
Duration and characteristic | IUD/injectable/ implant |
Pill | Diaphragm | Condom | Periodic abstinence | Withdrawal | Spermicides |
FIRST TWO YEARS | |||||||
Age | |||||||
<18 | 8.2 | 13.8 | u | 25.8 | 46.1 | 40.7 | 53.0 |
18-19 (ref) | 8.5 | 14.0 | 21.8 | 27.5 | 44.0 | 43.1 | 49.8 |
20-24 | 10.9* | 14.9 | 36.0*** | 28.2 | 53.6* | 42.7 | 54.1 |
25-29 | 7.5 | 11.9 | 26.7 | 21.8* | 39.6 | 32.4** | 41.8 |
30-44 | 4.5** | 6.9*** | 16.1 | 13.6*** | 26.0** | 23.8*** | 28.9*** |
Union status | |||||||
Married | 6.4 | 10.8 | 20.0* | 17.2*** | 33.4** | 30.7** | 34.4** |
Not in union (ref) | 8.0 | 13.3 | 25.4 | 25.5 | 42.7 | 39.1 | 44.3 |
Cohabiting | 13.7*** | 20.5*** | 36.3** | 34.2*** | 52.3** | 48.1** | 58.7*** |
Poverty status | |||||||
<100% | 10.7 | 22.2*** | 44.2** | 38.8*** | 60.5** | 52.1*** | 57.5* |
100-249% (ref) | 8.8 | 16.3 | 33.1 | 29.3 | 48.6 | 40.7 | 50.0 |
>=250% | 4.7** | 8.8*** | 18.6*** | 15.9*** | 28.5*** | 27.7*** | 33.4*** |
Race/ethnicity | |||||||
Black | 7.1 | 20.4 | 37.1*** | 37.3*** | 28.5** | 47.7*** | 47.5*** |
Hispanic (ref) | 6.4 | 18.7 | 17.4 | 28.7 | 36.3 | 27.8 | 28.3 |
White/other | 7.9 | 10.7*** | 22.1* | 19.4*** | 37.4 | 35.5** | 39.3*** |
FIRST YEAR | |||||||
Age | |||||||
<18 | 3.5 | 7.4 | u | 14.5 | u | 24.8* | 30.4 |
18-19 (ref) | 4.3 | 8.6 | u | 17.7 | u | 31.3 | 36.8 |
20-24 | 5.1 | 9.0 | 21.2** | 17.8 | 33.8*** | 29.6 | 37.2 |
25-29 | 3.1 | 6.4 | 12.7 | 11.8** | 21.9 | 20.7** | 26.7** |
30-44 | 2.2** | 4.5** | 9.6 | 8.9*** | 16.6 | 17.5*** | 19.7*** |
Union status | |||||||
Married | 2.7* | 5.7** | 10.4** | 9.6*** | 19.6*** | 19.5*** | 21.2*** |
Not in union (ref) | 3.8 | 8.1 | 17.2 | 15.8 | 28.5 | 27.0 | 32.9 |
Cohabiting | 6.5** | 13.5*** | 23.3** | 23.8*** | 38.0** | 38.8*** | 41.6** |
Poverty status | |||||||
<100% | 5.3 | 13.6*** | 28.9*** | 25.3*** | 43.4*** | 38.8*** | 43.7** |
100-249% (ref) | 4.0 | 9.0 | 18.7 | 17.3 | 28.8 | 28.9 | 34.7 |
>=250% | 2.2** | 4.9*** | 10.2*** | 9.4*** | 17.0*** | 18.3*** | 22.0*** |
Race/ethnicity | |||||||
Black | 3.8 | 11.5 | 27.9*** | 24.1** | 22.6 | 33.8*** | 36.5*** |
Hispanic (ref) | 3.4 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 18.8 | 25.4 | 19.5 | 21.4 |
White/other | 3.5 | 6.0*** | 12.2 | 11.6*** | 22.6 | 24.5** | 26.8** |
SECOND YEAR | |||||||
Age | |||||||
<18 | 3.8 | 5.5 | u | 11.2 | u | 14.3 | u |
18-19 (ref) | 3.8 | 4.9 | u | 10.1 | u | 15.3 | 20.5 |
20-24 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 16.8 | 11.9 | 23.7 | 16.9 | 21.5 |
25-29 | 3.7 | 5.9 | 16.9 | 12.5 | 18.4 | 15.8 | 22.4 |
30-44 | 1.7* | 2.8* | 8.1** | 6.2* | 10.0** | 9.3** | 12.1** |
Union status | |||||||
Married | 2.6 | 4.9 | 11.2 | 8.8 | 13.1* | 13.4 | 16.4 |
Not in union (ref) | 3.3 | 5.1 | 12.4 | 10.6 | 17.3 | 13.3 | 17.1 |
Cohabiting | 5.7** | 7.8** | 17.1* | 13.8* | 27.5*** | 23.9*** | 25.0** |
Poverty status | |||||||
<100% | 4.3 | 8.3 | 20.2 | 15.3 | 25.7 | 20.3 | 29.4* |
100-249% (ref) | 3.7 | 7.1 | 19.5 | 13.8 | 21.0 | 17.6 | 23.0 |
>=250% | 1.8* | 3.7** | 10.1*** | 7.4*** | 11.1*** | 10.6*** | 13.8*** |
Race/ethnicity | |||||||
Black | 4.8 | 8.4* | 16.8 | 16.2** | 24.2*** | 21.0 | 24.8* |
Hispanic (ref) | 3.6 | 6.3 | 15.9 | 11.4 | 14.1 | 17.9 | 20.2 |
White/other | 2.2 | 4.6* | 11.6* | 8.8* | 13.5 | 12.8** | 15.2* |
*Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.05. **Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.01. ***Rate is significantly different from rate for the reference group at p<=.001. Where data for 18-19-year-olds are unavailable, the reference category is 25-29. Notes: ref=reference group. u=unavailable. Variables included in the model are method, duration of use (except in the model for the second year), age, union status, poverty level, and race or ethnicity. |
Statement of Accuracy/User Agreement
© copyright 2001, The Alan Guttmacher Institute. |