TABLES: Union Status, Marital History and Female Contraceptive Sterilization in the United States

Family Planning Perspectives
Volume 33, Number 1, January/February 2001

TABLES: Union Status, Marital History and Female Contraceptive Sterilization in the United States

Figure 1. Cumulative percentage of women aged 15-44 with a tubal sterilization, by age, according to race or ethnicity

Note: Data are life-table estimates from the National Survey of Family Growth, Cycle 5 (1995).

Table 1. Percentage distribution of 10,277 white, black and Hispanic women, by sterilization status, according to union status at interview and prior marriage history, 1995 National Survey of Family Growth
Characteristic	Tubal sterilization	Other female sterilization	Partner's vasectomy	Not protected by sterilization	Total
ALL WOMEN
Married
First marriage	20.9	2.9	13.9	62.3	100.0
Second or later	39.4	8.2	13.4	39.0	100.0
Cohabiting
Formerly married	37.5	6.7	4.5	51.3	100.0
Never-married	9.2	1.2	2.1	87.5	100.0
Single
Formerly married	34.9	5.0	2.7	57.4	100.0
Never-married	3.8	0.8	0.4	95.0	100.0
WHITE
Married
First marriage	18.9	2.7	16.2	62.2	100.0
Second or later	36.8	8.3	15.0	39.9	100.0
Cohabiting
Formerly married	34.9	5.7	4.8	54.6	100.0
Never-married	4.5	0.4	2.4	92.7	100.0
Single
Formerly married	30.2	5.5	4.0	60.3	100.0
Never-married	1.2	0.6	0.3	97.9	100.0
BLACK
Married
First marriage	35.2	4.9	3.4	56.5	100.0
Second or later	56.5	8.6	2.8	32.1	100.0
Cohabiting
Formerly married	50.8	13.7	5.6	29.9	100.0
Never-married	22.7	2.0	0.4	74.9	100.0
Single
Formerly married	47.6	5.1	0.3	47.0	100.0
Never-married	11.7	1.6	0.2	86.5	100.0
HISPANIC
Married
First marriage	25.1	2.7	5.1	67.1	100.0
Second or later	56.8	6.9	3.3	33.0	100.0
Cohabiting
Formerly married	41.8	5.7	0.0	52.5	100.0
Never-married	18.2	3.9	2.2	75.7	100.0
Single
Formerly married	37.8	2.4	0.6	59.2	100.0
Never-married	3.4	0.4	0.9	95.3	100.0
Note: All data are weighted.

Table 2. Percentage distribution of women younger than 40 who were sterilized during the period 1990-1995, by union status and marital history, according to race and ethnicity
Characteristic	All	White	Black	Hispanic
Characteristic	(N=799)	(N=368)	(N=277)	(N=154)
Married
First marriage	53.8	61.6	30.7	52.2
Second or later	14.3	17.2	5.7	13.6
Cohabiting
Formerly married	5.6	6.0	3.7	6.3
Never-married	6.5	2.9	14.9	10.0
Single
Formerly married	8.0	5.9	14.0	8.3
Never-married	11.9	6.5	31.0	9.5
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Note: All data are weighted. Source: National Survey of Family Growth, Cycle 5 (1995).

Table 3. Relative risk of tubal sterilization among women born between 1950 and 1970, by characteristic, according to model
Characteristic	Unadjusted	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Parity
0	0.12***	0.12***	0.14***	0.16***
1	0.54***	0.54***	0.54***	0.55***
2 (ref)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
3	2.46***	2.43***	2.40***	2.48***
>=4	3.94***	3.88***	3.66***	3.85***
Union status-prior marriage interaction
Married-first marriage (ref)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Married-second or later marriage	1.63***	1.52***	1.56***	1.43***
Cohabiting-formerly married	1.38**	1.27	1.19	1.09
Cohabiting-never-married	0.93	1.26*	1.01	0.98
Single-formerly married	0.91	1.00	0.90	0.84*
Single-never-married	0.46***	0.99	0.76***	0.75***
Race/ethnicity
White (ref)	1.00	na	1.00	1.00
Black	2.02***	na	1.72***	1.55***
Hispanic	1.55***	na	1.06	1.11
Ever had unwanted birth
Yes	2.45***	na	na	0.73***
No (ref)	1.00	na	na	1.00
Education
No high school diploma	1.53***	na	na	0.95
High school diploma (ref)	1.00	na	na	1.00
Some college	0.64***	na	na	0.83**
College degree	0.25***	na	na	0.47***
Region
Northeast	0.64***	na	na	0.75***
Midwest	0.74***	na	na	0.76***
South (ref)	1.00	na	na	1.00
West	0.56***	na	na	0.55***
Period
1964-1975	0.63**	na	na	0.61**
1976-1985	0.93	na	na	0.95
1986-1995 (ref)	1.00	na	na	1.00
Log-likelihood	na	-16561.9	-16513.2	-16406.0
p<=.05. p<=.01. *p<=.001. Notes:* ref=reference group. na=not applicable. Data are unweighted; N=7,358. Respondent's age is the baseline hazard and models are censored at either sterilization other than tubal sterilization or the date of interview.