Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health
Volume 34, Number 3, May/June 2002

 

Contraceptive Method Switching in the United States
TABLES

TABLE 1. Percentage of married women using selected contraceptive methods who switched to a new method within two years, by new (destination) method, 1995 National Survey of Family Growth
Origin method N Destination method
All Female sterilization Male sterilization Implant/
injectable/IUD
Pill Condom Other reversible None
All 2,973 39.6 2.0 2.8 2.4 7.9 9.3 6.6 8.7
(3.7-12.5) (1.3-2.8) (2.1-3.7) (1.6-3.2) (6.5-9.2) (7.8-10.9) (5.3-7.9) (7.2-10.4)
Implant/injectable/IUD 147 30.0 4.0 0.0 na 5.1 9.2 6.1 5.5
(20.1-40.2) (0.2-11.2) (na) (1.4-9.6) (3.6-16.3) (1.9-11.9) (1.4-10.3)
Pill 745 41.5 2.2 1.7 3.3 na 14.7 9.0 10.6
(36.0-47.1) (0.8-3.9) (0.6-3.0) (1.5-5.3) (11.1-19.0) (6.0-12.2) (7.3-14.6)
Condom 764 41.6 1.5 5.6 2.6 11.5 na 7.7 12.6
(36.0-47.2) (0.6-2.7) (3.3-8.1) (1.2-4.3) (8.2-15.3) (5.4-10.4) (9.3-16.1)
Other reversible 546 29.6 1.5 2.9 0.9 5.7 8.4 na 10.2
(24.3-35.1) (0.2-3.3) (1.5-4.6) (0.1-2.0) (3.6-8.2) (5.8-11.3) (6.7-14.1)
None 771 42.8 2.1 1.5 2.3 17.0 12.4 7.4 na
(37.4-48.5) (1.0-3.4) (0.5-2.8) (1.2-3.8) (12.7-21.9) (9.5-15.7) (4.7-10.6)
Notes: Ns are unweighted. Figures in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals, derived from bootstrapping using 1,000 resamples. na=not applicable.

back to text


TABLE 2. Percentage distribution of married women, by origin method, and percentage distribution of those who switched to specific destination methods, by origin method
Origin method % Destination method
Female sterilization Male sterilization Implant/injectable/IUD Pill Condom Other reversible None
Implant/injectable/IUD 4.6 9.5 0.0 na 2.7 4.8 4.4 3.1
Pill 25.8 29.4 15.7 37.1 na 42.6 35.9 33.5
Condom 26.0 20.5 51.5 29.4 34.9 na 30.9 40.3
Other reversible 18.5 14.0 19.1 7.5 12.3 17.4 na 23.0
None 25.2 26.7 13.7 26.0 50.0 35.2 28.9 na
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Note: na=not applicable.

back to text


TABLE 3. Percentage of unmarried women using selected contraceptive methods who switched to a new method within two years, by new (destination) method
Origin method N Destination method
All Long-term† Dual methods Pill Condom Other reversible None
All 4,896 60.9 3.4 5.3 14.7 15.2 9.2 13.1
(58.6-63.0) (2.7-4.3) (4.4-6.3) (13.2-16.2) (13.6-16.7) (8.0-10.4) (11.7-14.5)
Implant/injectable/IUD 204 33.4 3.1 3.8 3.3 5.3 2.0 15.8
(21.6-45.2) (0.6-7.0) (0.7-11.1) (0.2-8.3) (1.3-10.3) (0.8-5.4) (8.2-25.4)
Dual methods 374 68.1 4.3 na 50.1 10.1 1.9 1.8
(61.6-74.8) (2.2-6.7) (43.2-56.5) (6.3-14.4) (0.4-3.9) (0.5-3.4)
Pill 1,110 51.6 4.3 10.1 na 13.6 7.1 16.5
(46.8-56.5) (2.5-6.3) (7.8-12.6) (10.7-16.5) (4.9-9.4) (13.4-19.9)
Condom 1,400 63.8 2.0 6.2 18.7 na 16.3 20.6
(59.7-68.0) (1.1-3.0) (4.3-8.3) (15.5-21.8) (13.8-19.0) (17.9-23.6)
Other reversible 593 64.4 2.3 1.0 17.1 30.0 na 14.0
(58.2-70.6) (0.9-4.0) (0.3-2.0) (13.1-21.6) (24.7-35.4) (10.7-17.4)
None 1,215 69.6 5.1 3.4 13.3 36.2 11.5 na
(63.9-74.1) (3.3-7.2) (1.8-5.5) (10.6-16.9) (30.9-41.0) (8.4-14.8)
†Sterilization and long-term reversible methods. Notes: Ns are unweighted. Figures in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals, derived from bootstrapping using 1,000 resamples. na=not applicable.

back to text


TABLE 4. Percentage distribution of unmarried women, by origin method, and percentage distribution of those who switched to specific destination methods, by origin method
Origin method % Destination method
Long-term† Dual methods Pill Condom Other reversible None
Implant/injectable/IUD 3.7 3.3 2.6 0.8 1.2 0.8 4.7
Dual methods 7.7 9.5 na 26.2 4.8 1.6 1.1
Pill 23.3 28.7 44.8 na 19.5 17.8 30.9
Condom 29.6 16.7 35.2 37.5 na 51.6 49.0
Other reversible 12.8 8.4 2.4 14.8 23.6 na 14.3
None 22.9 33.5 14.9 20.6 50.9 28.2 na
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
†Sterilization and long-term reversible methods. Note: na=not applicable.

back to text


TABLE 5. Hazard model coefficients indicating the effects of married women's characteristics on the risk of switching from a specific origin method to a specific destination method
Origin method and characteristic Destination method
All Sterilization Implant/injectable/IUD Pill Condom Other reversible None
Pill
Age at start of interval 0.004 0.039* -0.016 na -0.016 0.016 -0.091*
Black 0.238 0.776* -0.524 na 0.265 -0.205 0.322*
Hispanic 0.190 -1.140* 0.181 na 0.013 -0.312 0.126
Completed yrs. of education -0.028 -0.021 -0.031 na 0.175* -0.113* -0.070*
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.461 -0.888* 1.499* na -0.035 -0.211 0.173
No religious affiliation 0.214 0.504* 1.491* na -0.308 0.000 -1.583*
Condom
Age at start of interval -0.024 0.041* -0.035* -0.003 na -0.187* -0.019
Black -0.010 0.531* -0.187 -1.386* na -0.900* 0.235
Hispanic -0.273 -2.272* -0.248 -2.217* na -0.842* -0.236
Completed yrs. of education -0.021 -0.136* -0.153* -0.119* na 0.008 0.043
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.014 0.061 na -1.034* 0.263
No religious affiliation 0.103 -2.047* -0.885 0.155 na -0.187 -0.283
Other reversible
Age at start of interval -0.019 0.056* 0.064* -0.121* -0.089* na 0.075*
Black 0.229 -1.825* 0.328 0.217 -1.738* na -0.798*
Hispanic 0.176 -1.977* 1.114* -0.089 0.520* na -0.160
Completed yrs. of education 0.022 0.109* 0.066* 0.161* 0.043 na -0.133*
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.425 1.373* 0.258 na 1.694*
No religious affiliation 0.117 0.875* -0.021 0.629* na 0.418*
None
Age at start of interval -0.036* 0.091* -0.042 -0.081* -0.027 0.036 na
Black 0.056 0.884* 0.055 0.821* 0.436* -1.661* na
Hispanic 0.612* 1.012* 1.636* 0.127 0.763* -0.001 na
Completed yrs. of education 0.086* 0.090* -0.074 0.090* 0.062 0.211* na
Parity 0 at start of interval -0.700* -1.887* -0.547* 0.126 -2.010* na
No religious affiliation 0.148 -1.113 0.900 -1.725* 1.236* -0.438 na
*p<.05. †Variable deleted from the model because no women with the characteristic switched to the method. Notes: Models also control for women's living arrangements during childhood, age at menarche and duration of use (not shown). na=not applicable. No results are shown for models in which long-term reversible methods were the origin method because few married women use those methods and rates of switching from those methods to each destination method are very low.

back to text


TABLE 6. Hazard model coefficients indicating the effects of unmarried women's characteristics on the risk of switching from a specific origin method to a specific destination method
Origin method and characteristic Destination method
All Long-term† Dual methods Pill Condom Other reversible None
Dual methods
Age at start of interval 0.000 0.083* na -0.005 -0.071 -0.137 -0.059
Black -0.449 -0.436 na -0.390* -0.123 -2.228* 1.474*
Hispanic -0.144 -1.805 na -0.312 1.671* -0.973
Completed yrs. of education -0.003 0.052 na -0.017 0.080 0.409* 0.218
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.182 -3.485* na 0.351 0.298 -2.800* 0.035
No religious affiliation 0.486* -0.154 na -0.677* 2.220* -0.279 -0.675
Pill
Age at start of interval -0.018 0.007 0.008 na -0.061* 0.032* -0.025*
Black 0.271 -0.431 0.610* na 0.291* -1.117* 0.143
Hispanic -0.196 -0.349 -0.820* na -0.450* 0.269 -1.159*
Completed yrs. of education -0.062 -0.125* -0.085* na 0.106* 0.034 0.130*
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.273 -0.471* 1.683* na -0.080 0.411* -0.563*
No religious affiliation 0.224 -0.910* 0.380* na 0.318* 0.356* -0.028
Condom
Age at start of interval -0.013 0.037* -0.141* -0.137* na -0.002 0.031*
Black -0.439* -0.267 0.639* -0.981* na -0.402* 0.235* Hispanic
-0.202 -1.322* -0.632* na -0.693* 0.193
Completed yrs. of education 0.027 0.187* 0.055 0.235* na -0.004 -0.023
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.082 -2.186* 0.616* -0.042 na 0.180 0.331*
No religious affiliation 0.011 -0.268 0.367* -0.396* na 0.106 0.255*
Other reversible
Age at start of interval -0.076* -0.038 -0.201* -0.114* -0.038* na -0.004
Black -0.213 0.257 0.302 -0.611* -0.569* na 0.094
Hispanic -0.041 -0.200 1.674* -0.258 -0.078 na -0.467
Completed yrs. of education 0.057 -0.120 0.168 -0.020 0.075* na 0.052
Parity 0 at start of interval -0.078 -0.988* 0.175 0.368 0.323 na -0.419*
No religious affiliation -0.279 -0.652 -1.032 -0.604* 0.128 na 0.153
None
Age at start of interval -0.034* 0.012 -0.034 -0.073* -0.051* -0.013 na
Black -0.278 -0.637* -0.206 -0.752* -0.284* -0.459* na
Hispanic -0.118 -0.045 -3.896* -0.874* 0.030 0.360 na
Completed yrs. of education 0.098* -0.082 -0.073 0.112* 0.168* 0.110* na
Parity 0 at start of interval 0.214 -0.954* 0.775* -0.559* 0.673* 0.600* na
No religious affiliation -0.154 -0.503 -2.855* -0.518* -0.224* -0.250 na
*p<.05. †Sterilization and long-term reversible methods. ‡Variable deleted from the model because no women with the characteristic switched to the method. Notes: Models also control for women's living arrangements during childhood, age at menarche and duration of use (not shown). na=not applicable.

back to text


© copyright 2002, the Alan Guttmacher Institute.