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Family Planning Perspectives 1999, 25 (Supplement): 30-38.(1) Unless otherwise indicated in a footnote, if an abortion is authorized on request, it is presumed
that an abortion can be performed for any of the conditions listed in the table, even
if the law does not specifically mention the condition.
(2) The total fertility rate (TFR) is the average number of children that would be born alive to
a woman during her lifetime if she were to pass through all her childbearing years conforming
to the age-specific fertility rates of a given year.
(3) The maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die as a result of childbearing
in a given year per 100 000 births in that year.
(4) Abortion deaths as a percentage of all maternal deaths (proportion of maternal deaths)
(5) The abortion laws in these countries allow abortions to be performed to preserve the health
of the woman, but do not differentiate between physical and mental health indications.
(6) The abortion laws in these countries either expressly allow abortions to be performed only
to save the life of the woman, or are governed by general principles of criminal legislation
which allow abortion to be performed for this reason on the ground of necessity. In addition,
the holding of the British case of R. v. Bourne or local applications of that decision
apply. Under the decision, the ground of necessity was interpreted to encompass abortions
performed on physical and mental health grounds.
(7) The abortion laws in these countries do not expressly allow abortions to be performed to
save the life of the woman, but general principles of criminal legislation allow abortions to
be performed for this reason on the ground of necessity.
(8) The abortion laws in these countries have been amended to remove all indications for the
legal performance of abortions; however, it is not clear whether a defence of necessity
might be allowed to justify an abortion performed to save the life of the woman.
(9) The criminal laws of these countries provide that medical and surgical treatment performed
in good faith is legal even though it involves abortion.
(10) The Honduras Penal Code makes no exceptions to the general prohibition on the performance
of abortions; the Code of Medical Ethics, however, allows abortions to be performed
for therapeutic purposes.
(11) Abortion in Mexico is determined at the state level. The grounds checked refer only to the
abortion law of the Federal District; some other states allow abortions to be performed on
grounds (2), (3), (5) and (6).
(12) Nicaragua’s abortion law allows the performance of "therapeutic abortions", but does not
specify which abortions are therapeutic.
(13) Abortions are also authorized for serious health reasons that endanger the life of the “product
of conception”.
Book ch.09.qxd 11.2.2005 10:42 Page 206
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PRIORITIES FOR RESEARCH AND ACTION IN LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN
(14) There is controversy over whether the text of the Argentine Penal Code can be interpreted
to allow abortion to be performed for a woman who has been raped or only in the case of
the rape of a mentally retarded woman or an insane woman.
(15) Abortions are allowed to be performed on the ground of rape or incest in the case of a mentally
retarded or insane woman.
(16) In cases of severe economic hardship, the penalty for performing an abortion illegally may
be reduced or waived.
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